OVERVIEW
Welcome to Tanzania – a land of abundant natural beauty, diverse cultures, and unparalleled wildlife! Located in East Africa, Tanzania is home to some of the world’s most stunning natural wonders, including the Serengeti National Park, Mount Kilimanjaro, and the Ngorongoro Crater. Let’s explore more about this fascinating country.
LOCATION
Tanzania is situated on the eastern coast of Africa, bordering the Indian Ocean. It shares borders with Kenya to the north, Uganda to the northwest, Rwanda, Burundi, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the west, and Zambia, Malawi, and Mozambique to the south. Tanzania’s capital city is Dodoma, but the largest and most populous city is Dar es Salaam, which is also the commercial capital.
Population and Languages:
The population of Tanzania is approximately 39 million people, comprising over 120 different ethnic groups. The official language of Tanzania is Kiswahili, which is widely spoken across the country. English is also considered an official language and is the primary language of commerce, administration, and higher education. In addition, Arabic is widely spoken in Zanzibar, and there are many local languages spoken throughout the country.
Religion:
Tanzania is a country with a rich diversity of religions. On the mainland, the population is roughly divided between Christians, Muslims, and followers of traditional indigenous beliefs, each accounting for about one-third of the population. On the other hand, Zanzibar is predominantly Muslim, with more than 99% of the population adhering to Islam.
Wildlife:
Tanzania is globally recognized for its stunning wildlife and is home to some of the most popular national parks and game reserves in the world, covering a total area of over 42,000 square kilometers. The wildlife of Tanzania is diverse and unique, with a large number of endemic species that can only be found in Tanzania. This biodiversity is due to Tanzania’s varied ecosystems, which range from mountains and forests to grasslands and wetlands.
Apart from the Serengeti, Selous, Tarangire, and Lake Manyara, Tanzania has many other national parks and reserves that offer incredible wildlife experiences. These include the Ruaha National Park, Katavi National Park, and Mahale Mountains National Park, all of which are off the beaten path and provide a more intimate safari experience.
What makes Tanzania’s wildlife even more special is the opportunity to witness some of the most incredible natural phenomena on the planet. In addition to the great wildebeest migration in the Serengeti, visitors can witness the largest concentration of baboons in the world in the Mahale Mountains, or witness tree-climbing lions in Lake Manyara.
In conclusion, Tanzania’s wildlife is a major draw for visitors to the country, and for good reason. The abundance of wildlife, variety of ecosystems, incredible natural phenomena, and sheer size of the protected areas make Tanzania one of the best places in the world for wildlife enthusiasts. Whether you want to see the wildebeest migration, spot rare bird species, or get up close with elephants and lions, Tanzania’s national parks and game reserves have something for everyone.
Mount Kilimanjaro:
Tanzania is home to the highest peak in Africa, Mount Kilimanjaro. The mountain is a popular climbing destination for tourists and adventurers from all over the world, and it offers a breathtaking view of the surrounding landscape. Climbing Mount Kilimanjaro is a challenging but rewarding experience, and it is one of the most popular activities for visitors to Tanzania.
Zanzibar:
Zanzibar is a semi-autonomous archipelago off the coast of Tanzania and is a popular tourist destination. It is known for its beautiful beaches, vibrant culture, and historic architecture. The island is home to several UNESCO World Heritage Sites, including Stone Town, which is a fascinating blend of African, Arab, and Indian cultures.
CLIMATE:
Tanzania enjoys a tropical climate that is warm and comfortable year-round. The highlands experience cooler temperatures ranging from 10 to 20°C (50 to 68°F) during the cold and hot seasons, respectively, while the rest of the country generally has temperatures rarely falling below 20°C (68°F). The hottest period in Tanzania extends from November to February, with temperatures ranging between 25 and 31°C (77-87.8°F), while the coldest period occurs between May and August, with temperatures ranging between 15 and 20°C (59-68°F). The annual temperature in Tanzania is 32°C (89.6°F), with cooler temperatures experienced in high mountainous regions.
Rainfall:
Tanzania’s climate is determined by its location near the equator and its varied topography. The country has two major rainfall regions, uni-modal and bi-modal, which experience different patterns of rainfall throughout the year. The uni-modal region, located in the southern, southwest, central, and western parts of the country, experiences rainfall from December to April. In contrast, the bi-modal region, located in the north and northern coast of Tanzania, experiences rainfall from October to December and from March to May. The bi-modal region’s March to May rains are known as the long rains or Masika, while the October to December rains are referred to as short rains or Vuli.
The bi-modal rainfall region is known for its lush vegetation, making it a perfect place for farming and agriculture. The region is home to vast plantations of cash crops such as coffee, tea, and cocoa, which are grown alongside staple crops such as maize, beans, and bananas. The long rains in the bi-modal region provide enough water for irrigation and for replenishing underground water tables, which are vital for the region’s agriculture.
Tanzania’s location near the equator makes the climate hot and humid, with the easterly winds causing rainfall in the eastern coastal region. The country’s varied climate and rainfall patterns mean that there are different opportunities for tourism and agriculture throughout the year. Whether you want to experience the lush green landscapes of the bi-modal region or the dry and arid plains of the uni-modal region, Tanzania has something to offer for everyone.
Best Time to Visit:
Tanzania’s tropical climate boasts comfortable weather year-round, with variations in temperature and rainfall based on location and season. The dry season, spanning from June to October, is best for game viewing as wildlife gathers around watering holes and rivers. Clear skies and dry weather in January and February also make them ideal for visiting. The wet season, between November and May, is perfect for bird watching, photography, and trekking with lush greenery and abundant wildlife.
Tanzania has three international airports: one in the commercial capital of Dar es Salaam, and two others in Arusha (Kilimanjaro International Airport) and Zanzibar (Zanzibar International Airport). Regardless of when you visit, Tanzania’s natural beauty and weather will leave you awestruck. The ideal time to visit depends on your planned activities, so plan accordingly for a memorable trip to this East African country.
TRAVEL TO TANZANIA:
If you’re planning to visit Northern Tanzania, the best airport to arrive at is KIA, which is served by several international airlines such as KLM, Ethiopian Airlines, Kenya Airways, and Turkish Airlines. European carriers such as KLM and Swissair also fly into Dar es Salaam, which is the gateway to southern and western Tanzania as well as Zanzibar. Other airlines serving Tanzania include Emirates, South African Airways, Oman Air, Gulf Air, Qatar Airways.
If you cannot find a direct flight to Tanzania, Nairobi or Johannesburg can serve as regional hubs for connecting flights. Nairobi is a good option for those heading to the northern parks as you can then connect to Arusha by shuttle bus service, which operates twice a day and is very affordable.
Tanzania can also be reached via Lake Tanganyika, where a passenger service runs from Kigoma to Bujumbura in Burundi, Congo (DRC), and Mpulungu in Zambia. Additionally, the Tanzania – Zambia Railway Authority runs a passenger train service from Dar es Salaam to Kapiri Mposhi in Zambia. However, note that you will need to change trains at the border. Tanzania also has good road links to Kenya and Zambia.
Regardless of your mode of transportation, Tanzania is a country worth visiting for its stunning landscapes, unique wildlife, and rich cultural heritage. So start planning your trip today!
MEDICAL EVACUATION COVERS
When planning a safari trip to Tanzania, it’s important to consider the possibility of medical emergencies and how to prepare for them. That’s where medical evacuation covers come in. These covers provide a safety net for travelers by covering the cost of emergency medical transportation in case of serious illness or injury.
At our service, we offer a medical evacuation cover for each person traveling that is valid for 14 days from the date of entry into Tanzania. This cover includes a medical plane with doctors to transport you from anywhere on your safari location to the nearest best hospital and for the first 24 hours of treatment. The cost of this cover is USD 20 per person and is excellent value for money.
It’s important to note that this cover is only valid for the first 24 hours of an emergency. After that, guests will need to contact their own medical insurance companies to pick up the next step of the insurance. However, this cover gives guests the time and peace of mind to deal with the emergency situation without worrying about the cost of medical transportation and treatment during those crucial first 24 hours.
From our experience, it can be very difficult to obtain your own insurance company to handle an evacuation in the middle of nowhere. Guests inevitably have to pick up this cost themselves, which can be very expensive. That’s why we handle and arrange for cover for your first 24 hours, as part of our exclusive service.
So, if you’re planning a safari trip to Tanzania, we highly recommend considering our medical evacuation cover as an essential part of your travel planning. It’s a small price to pay for the peace of mind that comes with knowing that you’ll be taken care of in case of a medical emergency. For more information about this service, please refer to our website.
VISAS
Visas are required for citizens of the UK, the US, Canada, Australia, and most countries in the EU to enter Tanzania. It’s always advisable to check with your nearest Tanzanian embassy to make sure you have the latest and most accurate information. Application details and forms can be found on Tanzanian embassy websites.
Tanzanian embassies issue single and double entry visas, which can be handy if you plan to cross over to neighboring countries like Kenya or Malawi for a few days. However, they do not issue visas for more than two entries. It’s important to note that your passport must be valid for at least 6 months and have 2 full clean pages left on entry.
Tourist visas are valid for 6 months from the date of issue. So, it’s a good idea to plan ahead and make sure your visa is still valid for the length of time you plan to travel in Tanzania.
While you can obtain a visa at all airports in Tanzania, as well as at the border crossings, it’s advised to get a visa beforehand. This is to avoid any potential delays or issues on arrival. In order to get a visa, you must have proof that you plan to leave Tanzania within 3 months of your arrival.
You can visit the Tanzania Immigration website (www.immigration.go.tz) to find more information and to download a visa application form to save time on arrival. Note that visa fees vary depending on your nationality, so it’s important to check the current fee before you apply.
For citizens of certain countries, a referred visa is required. This means that you must obtain a visa in the nearest Tanzanian diplomatic institution before coming to Tanzania. The countries that require a referred visa include Afghanistan, Abkhazia, Azerbaijan, Bangladesh, Chad, Djibouti, Ethiopia, Eretria, Equatorial Guinea, the Republic of Kazakhstan, the Republic of Kyrgyzstan, Lebanon, Mali, Morocco, Mauritania, Niger, the State of Palestine, Senegal, Somalia, Somaliland, Sri Lanka, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Sierra Leone. If you’re from one of these countries, be sure to allow enough time to apply for your visa before your planned travel dates.
HEALTH
To ensure a safe and healthy trip to Tanzania, it is important to take some precautions and make necessary preparations before your departure. While no immunizations are required by law to enter Tanzania if you are travelling directly from Europe or the US, it is recommended that all travelers consult with their healthcare provider prior to travel to discuss any necessary vaccinations or health precautions.
One important consideration is the risk of malaria in Tanzania. It is recommended that all travelers to Tanzania take prophylaxis against malaria. This involves taking medication before, during, and after your trip to prevent infection. The specific medication recommended may vary based on factors such as your health history and the region of Tanzania you will be visiting. It is important to consult with a healthcare provider or travel medicine specialist to determine the best medication for you.
Another consideration is the risk of yellow fever in Tanzania. While yellow fever vaccination is not required for entry to Tanzania from Europe or the US, it is recommended for travelers arriving from areas where yellow fever is endemic. Additionally, some countries require proof of yellow fever vaccination for travelers arriving from Tanzania. Therefore, it is important to carry your yellow fever vaccination card with you when traveling to and from Tanzania.
It is also important to take basic health and safety precautions while in Tanzania, such as practicing good hygiene, drinking only bottled or purified water, and avoiding contact with animals that may carry diseases. In addition, it is recommended to bring a basic first aid kit with you and any necessary prescription medications.
For more information on health recommendations and requirements for travel to Tanzania, travelers can visit the website of the Ministry of Health at https://www.moh.go.tz/en/. Additionally, travelers should consult with a healthcare provider or travel medicine specialist prior to travel to ensure that they are up to date on any necessary vaccinations and prepared for a safe and healthy trip.
SAFETY
While Tanzania is generally a safe place for tourists to visit, it’s always important to take precautions to ensure your safety. Here are some additional tips to help you stay safe during your travels:
- Be aware of your surroundings at all times, especially in crowded areas.
- Avoid showing off expensive items, such as cameras and jewelry, as this can make you a target for theft.
- When using public transportation, be sure to keep your belongings close to you and avoid carrying large amounts of cash.
- If you’re renting a car, keep the doors locked and windows rolled up when driving in urban areas.
- When staying in a hotel, use the hotel safe to store your valuables and always lock your room door.
- Avoid walking alone at night, particularly in areas that are not well lit or are unfamiliar to you.
- If you’re going on a safari or hiking trip, make sure you’re accompanied by a licensed and experienced guide.
- If you’re planning to swim in the ocean, be aware of potential dangers such as strong currents and jellyfish.
- Be respectful of local customs and traditions, and always ask for permission before taking photos of people or their belongings.
For more information on staying safe in Tanzania, including current safety advisories and tips for specific regions, visit the website of the Ministry of Natural Resources and Tourism: https://www.mnrt.go.tz/
COMMUNICATION
In Tanzania, communication services are widely available in urban areas and tourist hotspots. Landlines, mobile phones, fax, telegram, postal services, and Internet services are all available. Most hotels in urban areas have direct dialing services to many countries. The country code for Tanzania is 255.
Vodacom, Airtel, and Tigo are the main mobile phone service providers in Tanzania. Local SIM cards are readily available all over Tanzania, which can be purchased from various vendors, including airports, supermarkets, and phone shops. It is recommended to buy a local SIM card as it is a cost-effective way to stay connected while in Tanzania. However, it is important to note that calling from Tanzania to overseas numbers can be expensive.
In rural areas, international calling is usually done through an operator. It is advisable to check the current rates before making an international call.
In terms of internet access, most hotels, cafes, and restaurants in urban areas offer free Wi-Fi for customers. In rural areas, internet access may be limited or unavailable. It is advisable to have a backup plan, such as purchasing a local SIM card with data, to stay connected while traveling in Tanzania.
Overall, communication services are widely available in Tanzania, but it is important to keep in mind the potential costs associated with international calling and to have backup plans for internet access in rural areas.For more information on communication services in Tanzania, please visit the website of the Tanzania Communications Regulatory Authority (TCRA) at https://www.tcra.go.tz/.
MONEY/CURRENCY, BANKS AND ATMS
Tanzania’s official currency is the Tanzanian shilling (Tshs). The currency has denominations of Tsh 10,000, Tsh 50,000, Tsh 1,000, and Tsh 500 in bills, and Tsh 200, Tsh 100, Tsh 50, Tsh 20, and Tsh 10 in coins.
It is recommended to bring US dollars when traveling to Tanzania, as it is widely accepted and easily exchanged for Tanzanian shillings. Travelers should bring a mix of large and small denominations, some travelers’ checks, and a Visa card for withdrawing money from ATMs. Euros are also easily changed.
Credit cards are not widely accepted in Tanzania, even in upmarket hotels. When accepted, they often have a commission of 3-5%, which can add up quickly. Therefore, it is recommended to carry cash and use ATMs and travelers’ checks in major centers.
ATMs are widespread in major towns, and Exim bank, Standard Chartered, Barclays, National Bank of Commerce, and Stanbic all have ATMs that allow you to withdraw shillings with a Visa or MasterCard to a maximum of Tshs 300,000 to Tshs 400,000 per transaction. Visa is the most useful card for ATM cash withdrawals. However, travelers should be aware that ATMs can be out of service, so it is advisable to have backup funds.
Foreign currency can be exchanged at forex bureaus and banks located throughout the country. Cash US dollars, followed by euros, are the most convenient foreign currencies to exchange for Tanzanian shillings and get the best rates. Other major currencies are also readily accepted in major centers. It is worth noting that US$50 and US$100 note bills get better rates of exchange than smaller denominations. However, 2006 and prior old-style US bills are not accepted anywhere.
Overall, it is important to have a mix of payment methods and carry backup funds when traveling in Tanzania, as not all locations accept credit cards or have functioning ATMs.
TAXES
Tanzania has a value-added tax (VAT) of 18% that is generally included in quoted prices for goods and services. This tax applies to both Tanzania mainland and Zanzibar. The VAT rate is uniform across all goods and services except for a few items that are either exempt or zero-rated.
Exempt items include certain basic food items such as unprocessed cereals, fresh fruits and vegetables, and meat, as well as books and educational materials. Zero-rated items include exports, supply of goods and services to tourists, and certain agricultural inputs and products.
Tourists should be aware that prices for goods and services in Tanzania may vary depending on whether or not VAT is included. It is also important to note that not all businesses in Tanzania are registered for VAT, so some may not include the tax in their prices.
In addition to VAT, there are other taxes that may apply to tourists in Tanzania. These include a tourist development levy of $1.5 per night for accommodation and a conservation fee for entry into national parks and other protected areas.
The Tanzania Revenue Authority (TRA) is responsible for the administration and collection of taxes in Tanzania. For more information on taxes in Tanzania, tourists can visit the TRA website at https://www.tra.go.tz/.
Tourists should also be aware that tax laws and regulations in Tanzania can change frequently, so it is always a good idea to check for updated information before traveling.
TRAVEL AND OR MEDICAL INSURANCE
Travel insurance is highly recommended for all travelers visiting Tanzania. It is important to ensure that your travel insurance policy covers medical emergencies, repatriation, and medical evacuation, as well as loss, damage, and theft of personal belongings. It is also a good idea to check if your policy covers any adventure activities you may be planning to participate in during your trip.
Medical care in Tanzania can be expensive, and medical evacuation to other countries can cost thousands of dollars, so having travel insurance that covers these costs can be essential in the event of an emergency. It is important to read your policy carefully and understand what is covered and what is not covered.
Some tour operators may require that you have travel insurance before you can participate in certain activities, such as climbing Mount Kilimanjaro or going on a safari. It is a good idea to check with your tour operator to see if they have any specific requirements.
When purchasing travel insurance, be sure to choose a reputable provider and compare policies to find the best coverage for your needs. It is also a good idea to read reviews and check ratings of insurance providers to ensure that they have a good track record of processing claims.
If you require medical treatment while in Tanzania, it is important to keep all medical receipts and documentation in order to submit a claim to your insurance provider. It is also a good idea to keep a copy of your insurance policy and emergency contact details with you at all times.
The Ministry of Health in Tanzania recommends that all visitors have comprehensive travel insurance that covers medical expenses, emergency evacuation, and repatriation. Visitors to Zanzibar should also ensure that their travel insurance covers medical evacuation by air ambulance.
Here are some useful websites to learn more about travel insurance in Tanzania:
Tanzania Tourist Board: http://www.tanzaniatourism.go.tz/
Ministry of Health, Community Development, Gender, Elderly and Children: https://www.moh.go.tz/
Association of Tanzania Insurers: https://www.ati.co.tz/
LUGGAGE HANDLING
When packing for your trip to Tanzania, it’s important to keep in mind that space in the safari vehicle may be limited. Here are some guidelines to help you pack efficiently:
Soft bags are preferable over hard cases, as they can be more easily stored in the safari vehicle. If you do choose to bring a hard case, be sure to pack it lightly to save space.
Consider using a rucksack instead of a traditional suitcase, as they are more flexible and can be packed more easily.
Pack a small handbag or daypack to keep your important items with you in the safari vehicle. This should include money, travel documents, camera equipment, and any other small items you may need.
To avoid lost luggage in transit, be sure to take your medication and toiletries with you on board the plane. Additionally, if you have connecting flights, allow sufficient time between flights and check your luggage to each transfer point airport en route.
In the event that your luggage is lost, be sure to proceed to the Swissport counter for missing luggage upon arrival. You will be given a claim form and a contact number to follow up on the lost bag. Let your tour operator know about the lost luggage so that they can assist you in following up.
It’s also important to note that weight restrictions may apply on some internal flights within Tanzania, so be sure to check with your airline or tour operator for specific guidelines. Additionally, be sure to pack appropriate clothing and gear for your specific itinerary, as temperatures and weather conditions can vary widely across Tanzania.
Finally, consider investing in travel insurance that covers loss or damage of personal belongings, as well as medical emergencies. This will provide peace of mind and financial protection in the event of any unforeseen circumstances during your trip.
RECOMMENDED AND REQUIRED VACCINATIONS AND HEALTH INFORMATION FOR TRAVEL TO TANZANIA AND ZANZIBAR
It is important to be aware of the recommended and required vaccinations before traveling to Tanzania and Zanzibar, as well as any health information that may affect your trip. Additionally, due to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, there are specific health and safety guidelines that must be followed.
Recommended Vaccinations:
It is recommended to see a doctor or travel clinic that has a special focus on tropical diseases to discuss the recommended vaccinations based on your age, health, or medical history. The following vaccines are typically recommended for travelers to Tanzania and Zanzibar:
- Hepatitis A
- Hepatitis B
- Typhoid
- Rabies
- Meningococcal disease
- Measles, mumps, rubella (MMR)
- Tetanus, diphtheria, pertussis
It can take some time to get all the recommended vaccinations, so it is advisable to begin as soon as you confirm your travel dates.
Required Vaccinations:
Yellow Fever is the only compulsory vaccination for Tanzania and Zanzibar. Despite Tanzania having no recorded cases of Yellow Fever, all visitors from countries that have a risk of Yellow Fever must present vaccination certificates upon entry. Travelers from non-risk countries have reported being asked at random to present proof at international airports or border crossings. To prevent any delays, it is recommended to receive the vaccination and be prepared to show evidence with a vaccination card or certificate. The vaccination should be acquired a minimum of 10 days before travel.
A certificate of vaccination for Yellow Fever will be necessary for arrival from Kenya or other neighboring East African countries, and if you have traveled recently in any other areas at risk of Yellow Fever, including South America and parts of Asia.
Malaria:
The risk of contracting Malaria in Tanzania is decreasing every year, but travelers often visit some of the areas where it remains a risk. This fever is passed from an infected human to another through a carrier: the female mosquito. Hence, it is important to avoid mosquitoes and protect oneself by using repellants (DETA 20-30%) and sleeping under a mosquito net. While there is no vaccine against Malaria, there are special medicines to prevent Malaria, such as Malarone, Doxycycline, Lariam (Mefloquine), and more. Please consult with your doctor before beginning any of these.
COVID-19 Information:
Due to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, there are specific health and safety guidelines that must be followed when traveling to Tanzania and Zanzibar. It is important to check the latest government regulations and requirements before travel.
All travelers must present a negative COVID-19 PCR test result taken within 72 hours before arrival in Tanzania. In addition, all travelers must complete an online Health Surveillance Form before arrival, which can be found on the Tanzania Ministry of Health website. Upon arrival, temperature checks and health screenings may also be conducted.
In Zanzibar, travelers must present a negative COVID-19 PCR test result taken within 72 hours before arrival. In addition, travelers must complete an online Health Declaration Form before arrival, which can be found on the Zanzibar Ministry of Health website.
It is important to follow all recommended health and safety guidelines, including wearing masks, practicing social distancing, and washing hands frequently.
In conclusion, it is essential to be informed of the recommended and required vaccinations and health information before traveling to Tanzania and Zanzibar. Due to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, it is important to also follow the latest government regulations and guidelines for a safe and enjoyable trip. For more information, please visit the below sites,
- Tanzania Ministry of Health: https://www.moh.go.tz/en/
- Tanzania National Parks Authority: https://www.tanzaniaparks.go.tz/
- Zanzibar Ministry of Health: https://www.mohz.go.tz/
- Zanzibar Commission for Tourism: http://www.zanzibartourism.net/
It is always a good idea to check these websites for the latest information on travel requirements, health advisories, and any other important updates.